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#ifndef VECTOR_INCLUDED_HPP #define VECTOR_INCLUDED_HPP #include <utility> #include <iostream> template <typename T> class Vector { private: // Forward declarations class Iterator; public: using iterator = Iterator; /** * \brief Constructs an empty Vector */ Vector(); /** * \brief Constructs a deep copy of orig * \param orig an existing Vector to be copied */ Vector(const Vector<T>& orig); /** * \brief Makes this Vector a deep copy of rhs * \param rhs an existing Vector to be copied * \returns a reference to this Vector */ Vector<T>& operator=(const Vector<T>& rhs); /** * \brief Destructor */ ~Vector(); /** * \brief Swaps all members between this Vector and rhs * \param rhs an existing Vector to swap with */ void swap(Vector<T>& rhs); /** * \brief Adds the given T to the back of the list * \param pushee the T to push to the list */ void push_back(const T& pushee); /** * \brief Removes the last item of the list * \warning Calling pop_back on an empty list has undefined behavior */ void pop_back(); /** * \brief Returns a const reference to the last item of the list * \returns the last item in the list * \warning Calling back() on an empty list has undefined behavior */ const T& back() const; /** * \brief Returns the number of items in the list * \returns the number of items in the list */ std::size_t size() const; /** * \brief Returns true if the list is empty, false otherwise * \returns a boolean indicating whether the list is empty */ bool empty() const; /** * \brief Compares the contents of two lists * \param rhs an Vector to compare to * \returns true if this Vector has the same contents in the same order * as rhs, false otherwise */ bool operator==(const Vector<T>& rhs) const; /** * \brief Compares the contents of two lists * \param rhs an Vector to compare to * \returns false if this Vector has the same contents in the same order * as rhs, true otherwise */ bool operator!=(const Vector<T>& rhs) const; /** * \brief Returns a reference to the item at the given index * \param index The index of the item to return * \returns The item at the given index * \warning Calling operator[] with an out-of-bounds index has undefined * behavior */ T& operator[](size_t index); /** * \brief Creates and returns an iterator positioned at the first item * \returns An iterator positioned at the first item */ iterator begin(); /** * \brief Creates and returns an iterator positioned "just past" the last * item * \returns An iterator positioned "just past" the last item * \warning The returned iterator can only be used for comparison, * reassignment, or destruction */ iterator end(); private: T* arr_; // Contains the items in the list std::size_t capacity_; // The size of the array std::size_t size_; // The number of items in the list /** * \brief Doubles the capacity if the list is full */ void upsizeIfNeeded(); /** * \brief Halves the capacity if the list is 1/4 full */ void downsizeIfNeeded(); /** * \brief Changes the capacity of the list to the given value * \param newCapacity the new capacity of the list */ void adjustCapacity(std::size_t newCapacity); class Iterator { friend class Vector<T>; public: using value_type = T; using reference = value_type&; using pointer = value_type*; using difference_type = std::ptrdiff_t; using iterator_category = std::forward_iterator_tag; /** * \brief Constructs an invalid iterator * \warning A default-constructed iterator can only be reassigned, or * destroyed */ Iterator() = default; Iterator(const Iterator& orig) = default; Iterator& operator=(const Iterator& rhs) = default; ~Iterator() = default; /** * \brief Returns a reference to the item at the current position * \returns A reference to the item at the current position * \warning Dereferencing the iterator returned by end has undefined * behavior */ T& operator*() const; /** * \brief Advances the iterator to the next position * \returns A reference to the iterator * \warning Advancing the iterator returned by end has undefined * behavior */ Iterator& operator++(); /** * \brief Compares the positions of two iterators * \returns True if the two iterators have the same position, false * otherwise * \warning Comparing iterators from different Vectors has * undefined behavior */ bool operator==(const Iterator& rhs) const; /** * \brief Compares the positions of two iterators * \returns False if the two iterators have the same position, true * otherwise * \warning Comparing iterators from different Vectors has * undefined behavior */ bool operator!=(const Iterator& rhs) const; private: /** * \brief Constructs an iterator positioned at the given location * \param curLoc The address of the item in the array at which the * iterator should be positioned */ explicit Iterator(T* curLoc); T* curLoc_; }; }; /** * \brief Swaps the values of all members of two Vector objects * \param lhs One of the lists to be swapped * \param rhs The other list to be swapped */ template <typename T> void swap(Vector<T>& lhs, Vector<T>& rhs); #include "vector-private.hpp" #endif // VECTOR_INCLUDED_HPP

// implementation file, included at the end of vector.hpp, nowhere else #include <iostream> #include <algorithm> template <typename T> Vector<T>::Vector() : arr_{new T[1]}, capacity_{1}, size_{0} { } template <typename T> Vector<T>::Vector(const Vector<T>& orig) : arr_{new T[orig.capacity_]}, capacity_{orig.capacity_}, size_{orig.size_} { std::copy(orig.arr_, orig.arr_ + size_, arr_); } template <typename T> Vector<T>& Vector<T>::operator=(const Vector<T>& rhs) { Vector<T> copy = rhs; swap(copy); return *this; } template <typename T> Vector<T>::~Vector() { delete[] arr_; } template <typename T> void Vector<T>::swap(Vector<T>& rhs) { using std::swap; swap(arr_, rhs.arr_); swap(capacity_, rhs.capacity_); swap(size_, rhs.size_); } template <typename T> void Vector<T>::push_back(const T& pushee) { upsizeIfNeeded(); arr_[size_] = pushee; ++size_; } template <typename T> void Vector<T>::upsizeIfNeeded() { if (size_ >= capacity_) { adjustCapacity(2 * capacity_); } } template <typename T> void Vector<T>::adjustCapacity(size_t newCapacity) { // Allocate the new array T* newArr = new T[newCapacity]; // Copy the items over std::copy(arr_, arr_ + size_, newArr); // Deallocate the old array delete[] arr_; // Take over the new array arr_ = newArr; capacity_ = newCapacity; } template <typename T> void Vector<T>::pop_back() { downsizeIfNeeded(); --size_; } template <typename T> const T& Vector<T>::back() const { return arr_[size_ - 1]; } template <typename T> void Vector<T>::downsizeIfNeeded() { if (size_ * 4 <= capacity_) { adjustCapacity(capacity_ / 2); } } template <typename T> size_t Vector<T>::size() const { return size_; } template <typename T> bool Vector<T>::empty() const { return size_ == 0; } template <typename T> bool Vector<T>::operator==(const Vector<T>& rhs) const { return std::equal(arr_, arr_ + size_, rhs.arr_, rhs.arr_ + size_); } template <typename T> bool Vector<T>::operator!=(const Vector<T>& rhs) const { return !(*this == rhs); } template <typename T> T& Vector<T>::operator[](size_t index) { return arr_[index]; } template <typename T> typename Vector<T>::iterator Vector<T>::begin() { return Iterator{arr_}; } template <typename T> typename Vector<T>::iterator Vector<T>::end() { return Iterator{arr_ + size_}; } ////////////////////////// // Iterator functions ////////////////////////// template <typename T> Vector<T>::Iterator::Iterator(T* curLoc) : curLoc_{curLoc} { } template <typename T> T& Vector<T>::Iterator::operator*() const { return *curLoc_; } template <typename T> typename Vector<T>::Iterator& Vector<T>::Iterator::operator++() { ++curLoc_; return *this; // ++x returns a reference to x, so you can do things like ++(++x); // (Please, generally speaking, don't do that) } template <typename T> bool Vector<T>::Iterator::operator==(const Iterator& rhs) const { return curLoc_ == rhs.curLoc_; } template <typename T> bool Vector<T>::Iterator::operator!=(const Iterator& rhs) const { return !(*this == rhs); }